介绍： Chinese Universities Surge in Global Rankings as U.S. Schools Slip
From: The New York Times
Until recently, Harvard was the most productive research university in the world, according to a global ranking that looks at academic publication.
That position may be teetering, the most recent evidence of a troublin...

介绍： Chinese Universities Surge in Global Rankings as U.S. Schools Slip
From: The New York Times
Until recently, Harvard was the most productive research university in the world, according to a global ranking that looks at academic publication.
That position may be teetering, the most recent evidence of a troubling trend for American academia.
Harvard recently dropped to No. 3 on the ranking. The schools racing up the list are not Harvard's American peers, but Chinese universities that have been steadily climbing in rankings that emphasize the volume and quality of research they produce.
“There is a big shift coming, a bit of a new world order in global dominance of higher education and research,” said Phil Baty, chief global affairs officer for Times Higher Education, a British organization unconnected to The New York Times that produces one of the better-known world rankings of universities.
Educators and experts say the shift is a problem not just for American universities, but also for the nation as a whole.
Look back to the early 2000s, and a global university ranking based on scientific output, such as published journal articles, would be very different. Seven American schools would be among the top 10, led by Harvard University at No. 1.
Only one Chinese school, Zhejiang University, would even make the top 25.
Today, Zhejiang is ranked first on that list, the Leiden Rankings, from the Centre for Science and Technology Studies at Leiden University in the Netherlands. Seven other Chinese schools are in the top 10.
Harvard produces significantly more research now than it did two decades ago, but it has nonetheless fallen to third. And it is the only American university still near the top of the list. Harvard is still first in the Leiden rankings for highly-cited scientific publications.
The issue at top American universities is not falling production.
Six prominent American schools that would have been in the top 10 in the first decade of the 2000s — the University of Michigan, the University of California, Los Angeles, Johns Hopkins, the University of Washington-Seattle, the University of Pennsylvania, and Stanford University — are producing more research than they did two decades ago, according to the Leiden tallies.
But production by the Chinese schools has risen far more.
According to Mark Neijssel, director of services for the Centre for Science and Technology Studies, the Leiden rankings take into account papers and citations contained in the Web of Science, a database set of academic publications which is owned by Clarivate, a data and analytics company. Thousands of academic journals are represented in the databases, many of which are highly specialized, he said.
Global university rankings generally have not attracted much popular attention in the United States. Even so, some experienced academics are seeing the growth in research production from China that the rankings reflect, and are warning that America is falling behind.
teeter /ˈtiːtər/ v. 摇晃，摇摆
📗例句：The glass teetered on the edge of the table.
（玻璃杯在桌子边上摇摇欲坠。）
🥝搭配：teeter on the brink 处于…的边缘
academia /ˌækəˈdiːmiə/ n. 学术界，学术生涯
📗例句：After years in industry, she returned to academia as a professor.
（在业界工作多年后，她回到学术界成为了一名教授。）
🥝搭配：life in academia 学术生涯
specialized /ˈspeʃəlaɪzd/ adj. 专门的，专业的
📗例句：He has highly specialized skills in repairing antique clocks.
（他拥有修复古董钟表的非常专业的技能。）
🥝搭配：specialized knowledge 专业知识