介绍： 公众号MissRui同步更新原文

Introduction
Are you keen on spending money or are you a proud saver? Today’s programme is all about ‘thrift’, which has to do with living a simple life free from the need to constantly buy the latest products. Neil and Sam talk about the history of 'thrift' and teach you related...

介绍： 公众号MissRui同步更新原文

Introduction
Are you keen on spending money or are you a proud saver? Today’s programme is all about ‘thrift’, which has to do with living a simple life free from the need to constantly buy the latest products. Neil and Sam talk about the history of 'thrift' and teach you related vocabulary.
This week's question
What percentage of people in the UK, do you think, have less than £1000 in savings? Is it...
a) 5%,
b) 15 %
c) 30%
Listen to the programme to find out the answer.
Vocabulary
1.flourish繁荣
grow or develop successfully
2.frugality节俭
being careful not to spend too much money or eat too much food
3.agenda议程
specific aim or reason for a particular group to do something
4.basic needs基本需求
the basic necessities needed to survive, like food, clothes and shelter, and nothing extra
5.moral slide道德滑坡
decline in standards of moral (good, fair and honest) behaviour
6.truism真理
something that is so obviously true it is not worth saying
Transcript
Note: This is not a word-for-word transcript
NeilHello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Neil.
Sam
And I’m Sam.
NeilAre you a saver or a spender, Sam?
Sam
Well, I’m trying to limit my spending right now because I’m saving up for a deposit to buy a house.
Neil

Saving money is not always easy - as we’ll find out in today’s programme, which is all about ‘thrift’. ‘Thrift’ is not a simple idea to define. It’s to do with living a simple life free from the need to constantly buy the latest products.
Sam
Today’s consumer culture encourages us to ‘spend, spend, spend’, but it hasn’t always been that way. The Victorians for example told people to ‘save up for a rainy day’, meaning to keep some money back in case of unforeseen emergencies.
Neil

But before we discover more about that, it’s time for today’s quiz question. If you’re trying to save money you probably know how hard it can be. So my question is: what percentage of people in the UK, do you think, have less than £1000 in savings? Is it:
a) 5%,
b) 15 %, or
c) 30%?
Sam
Well, if I’m anything to go by I’d say c) 30%.
Neil

OK. Well, we’ll find the correct answer out later. I mentioned before that ‘thrift’ is a difficult idea to define, so here’s Alison Hulme, a lecturer at the University of Northampton, explaining more to BBC Radio 4’s programme Thinking Allowed:

Alison Hulme

There are two dictionary definitions of thrift. The older of the two comes from the word ‘thrive’ etymologically, and described thrift as the ability to live well and to flourish, so it’s that sense of human flourishing. The more recent definition is the one we’re probably more familiar with which is about frugality. All of that said, it’s been used historically of course by various people in various moments in various different places in very different ways and they’ve often had a social or religious agenda.

Neil

It seems the oldest definition of ‘thrift’ has nothing to do with saving money and is connected to the verbs ‘thrive’ and ‘flourish’ - meaning to grow or develop successfully.
Sam
It was only later with the Puritans - 16th century English Christians with a reputation for strict discipline - that the meaning of thrift changed and became associated with frugality - being careful not to spend too much money or eat too much food.
Neil

The Puritans believed that being frugal was a religious virtue and that people ought to save money in order to give to others in need.

SamLater on the meaning of ‘thrift’ changed again. During the Victorian era, it was connected to the idea of managing your own money in order to be a responsible citizen.
Neil

Throughout history then, there have been different versions of ‘thrift’, and this may be because different religions or social groups had their own agenda - a specific aim or reason for a particular group to do something. For example, the Victorian definition of thrift was based on a social agenda about being a respectable member of society.
Sam

Ideas about frugality and thrift changed again during the Second World War when the public was encouraged to avoid waste so that every material resource could go into the war effort.
Neil

And in the post-war period, it changed again as people’s wealth and standard of living increased. Here’s Alison Hulme again:
Alison Hulme
It’s the idea that once people had enough to meet their kind of basic needs there was this kind of moral slide into consumerism. It’s not a view that I subscribe to in a simplistic sense myself - I think there’s a very fine line to tread here. There’s no point denying that, certainly in the developed world, there’s been a rise in consumer capitalism, that’s just a truism, but thrift hasn’t declined.
Neil

In modern times, people’s motivation to save up and be thrifty declined once they had enough to meet their basic needs - the basic necessities needed to survive, like food, clothes and shelter and nothing extra.
Sam

Alison mentions that once these basic needs were satisfied, people moved away from thrift into consumerism, the desire to buy ‘luxury’ products which were not absolutely necessary. According to some, this created a moral slide – a decrease in the standards of behaving in good, fair and honest ways.
Neil

The rise in consumer capitalism we have seen around the world is an example of a truism - something that is so obviously true it is not worth repeating.

Sam
What is worth repeating is the quiz question, Neil.
NeilYes, I asked you how many British people had savings of under £1000.
Sam
And I said, c) 30%.
NeilIn fact, Sam, it’s b) 15%.
Sam

So I guess I’m not such a bad saver after all!
Neil

OK. Well, today we’ve been talking about the changing meanings of ‘thrift’, an idea connected to frugality - being careful not to spend too much money.
Sam

The original meaning of ‘thrift’ was to flourish - grow or develop successfully - but that definition changed as different religious groups, like the Puritans, promoted their own agenda - aim or reason for a particular group to do something.
Neil

In recent times, people’s ability to meet their basic needs – the necessities for survival like food and shelter, have reduced the importance of ‘thrift’, which some believe has created a moral slide – a reduction in standards of moral behaviour.
Sam

And the associated rise of consumer capitalism is an example of a truism - something that is obviously true and generally accepted by all.

Neil

That’s all for now. Join us again next time for more topical discussion and vocabulary. Bye for now!

Sam
Bye bye!

Link:
https://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/features/6-minute-