介绍： The researchers tested 520 university students on their memory and intelligence when in the presence of a smartphone to see how it affected them. Participants were told to complete tests in mathematics, memory and reasoning with their smartphones either on their desk, in their bag or pockets, or in another ro...

介绍： The researchers tested 520 university students on their memory and intelligence when in the presence of a smartphone to see how it affected them. Participants were told to complete tests in mathematics, memory and reasoning with their smartphones either on their desk, in their bag or pockets, or in another room, and with alerts turned off so as not to distract students.
研究人员共测试了520名大学生，通过测试他们的记忆力和智力来研究智能手机在场与否对他们的影响。实验中，手机被分别放在桌子上、包里、口袋里或其他房间，参与者在不同情况下完成了数学、记忆和推理方面的测验。为了不打扰测试者，手机提示音都被关闭了。
affect[ə'fekt] v. 影响；感染；
participate[pɑː'tɪsɪpeɪt] v. 参与，分享
alert[ə'lɜːt] v./n. 警惕 adj. 警惕的，预警的 red alert 红色预警

The researchers found that the negative effect of having a phone within eyeshot was significantly greater among those who said they were dependent on their smartphones. Participants who had expressed sympathy with phrases such as "I would have trouble getting through a normal day without my cellphone" and "using my cellphone makes me feel happy" performed as well as others when their phone was in a different room, but worse when it was placed on their desk. The study also found reaction speeds to be affected, with students who had their phone on the desk responding more sluggishly in high-pace tests. It even found that phones can even distract users even when they are turned off and placed face down. Those with phones outside of the room "slightly outperformed" those with switched off devices.
研究人员发现将手机放在视线内对自称依赖手机的人有更大的负面影响。当听到“要是没有手机我一天也无法正常生活”、“使用手机让我更快乐”等话语时，有些测试者表示深有同感。当手机放在其他房间时，这些人和其他人表现得一样好；但是当手机放在桌子上时，他们的表现却比其他人糟糕得多。此外，研究发现，反应速度也会受到影响。当手机放在桌子上时，学生们在快速测验中的反应更加迟钝。研究甚至还发现：即便处于关机状态并且面朝下放，手机也能让人分心。实验中，将手机放在房间外面的参与者的表现要略微胜于关机的参与者。
negative effect 消极影响
express[ɪk'spres] vt. 表达 Words can't express how happy I am.言语无法表达我有多开心。
sympathy ['sɪmpəθɪ]n. 同情，赞同 sympathetic adj. 同情的

The researchers said the effect arises because part of a smartphone users' mind is dedicated to trying to not think about distractions such as whether they have any messages when the handset is in their line of sight. Similar research has previously showed smartphones can have a "butterfly brain effect" on users that can cause mental blunders.
研究人员认为，手机之所以能对认知能力产生影响，是因为当手机在视线范围内时，手机使用者要消耗部分注意力来告诫自己不要分心，防止自己去想有没有短信之类的问题。此前类似的研究表明智能手机能对使用者产生“大脑蝴蝶效应”，从而造成精神混乱。
arise [ə'raɪz]vi. 出现, 产生, 升起
dedicate['dedɪkeɪt] vt. 致力于，献身
blunder['blʌndə] n. 大错 v. 犯大错